{"market_id":"south-korea","generated_at":"June 2026","schema_version":"1.0","claim_count":6,"claims":[{"claim_id":"pgiq:claim:south-korea:pgiq_tier:june-2026","claim_type":"opinion","status":"active","subject":{"market_id":"south-korea","geography_id":"pgiq:geo:south-korea"},"predicate":"pgiq_tier","value":{"base":3,"label":"Workable"},"unit":null,"definition":"PGIQ tier for siting a large new electricity load; a directional screen, not a connection guarantee","project_archetype":null,"as_of":"June 2026","valid_for":{"start":"June 2026","end":null},"method":"expert_judgment","method_source_label":null,"confidence":{"source_quality":"n/a (opinion)","coverage":"all rated markets","model_uncertainty":"n/a","opinion_confidence":"Med-High"},"sources":[{"publisher":"PGIQ methodology","title":"PGIQ methodology","url":"https://powergridiq.com/methodology","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"tier definitions","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"}],"transform":null,"contradictions":[],"supersedes":null,"note":"A grid with a strong measured delivery record and a huge government-backed AI data-centre program (18.4 GW planned by 2035). The drawbacks are steeply rising power cost, a moderately high-carbon grid, and severe congestion around Seoul.","schema_version":"1.0","methodology_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","content_hash":"sha256:aed62e59d14ef8d9ebe5c3bef9392e80cb802a5ac1155dd377ce9ef7a69eb0d3"},{"claim_id":"pgiq:claim:south-korea:recurring_power_cost:june-2026","claim_type":"estimate","status":"active","subject":{"market_id":"south-korea","geography_id":"pgiq:geo:south-korea"},"predicate":"recurring_power_cost","value":{"low":120,"base":132,"high":150},"unit":"USD/MWh","definition":"recurring energy, network, delivery, taxes and levies per MWh; EXCLUDES customer-funded connection capital","project_archetype":"100mw_flat_95pct_lf_transmission_level","as_of":"June 2026","valid_for":{"start":"June 2026","end":null},"method":"tariff","method_source_label":null,"confidence":{"source_quality":"administered","coverage":"1 public fragments","model_uncertainty":"band spans structuring outcomes","opinion_confidence":"n/a"},"sources":[{"publisher":"KEPCO industrial rate increases (S&P Global)","title":"KEPCO industrial rate increases (S&P Global)","url":"https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/news-research/latest-news/lng/102324-south-korea-raises-electricity-rates-for-industrial-use-while-freezing-bills-for-households","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"page","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"},{"publisher":"South Korea electricity prices (GlobalPetrolPrices)","title":"South Korea electricity prices (GlobalPetrolPrices)","url":"https://www.globalpetrolprices.com/South-Korea/electricity_prices/","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"page","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"},{"publisher":"KEPCO industrial rate increases (S&P Global)","title":"KEPCO industrial rate increases (S&P Global)","url":"https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/news-research/latest-news/lng/102324-south-korea-raises-electricity-rates-for-industrial-use-while-freezing-bills-for-households","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"price components","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"}],"transform":null,"contradictions":[],"supersedes":null,"note":"Korea runs a cost-based wholesale pool, but a large load buys at KEPCO's regulated industrial tariff, which has climbed steeply to reduce KEPCO's losses.","schema_version":"1.0","methodology_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","content_hash":"sha256:3b5f11e46e86141cfc043e71b20621c0d0439fc381895d8ebfb403a0eec2350e"},{"claim_id":"pgiq:claim:south-korea:connection_wait:june-2026","claim_type":"estimate","status":"active","subject":{"market_id":"south-korea","geography_id":"pgiq:geo:south-korea"},"predicate":"connection_wait","value":{"low":36,"base":54,"high":60},"unit":"months","definition":"from a complete application being accepted to full firm energization of the nominated MW, expressed as a band. Initial, phased, temporary and conditional energization are separate, earlier milestones. Derived from the operator process and market evidence rather than a measured project cohort.","project_archetype":null,"as_of":"June 2026","valid_for":{"start":"June 2026","end":null},"method":"modelled","method_source_label":"proxy","confidence":{"source_quality":"Med","coverage":"band, not a measured cohort","model_uncertainty":"stage durations overlap and vary by project","opinion_confidence":"n/a"},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seoulz: Korea data-centre power crisis","title":"Seoulz: Korea data-centre power crisis","url":"https://www.seoulz.com/korea-data-center-power/","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"process stages","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"}],"transform":{"formula":"sum(stage_durations)","model_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","inputs":[{"stage":"Supply confirmation (KEPCO)","months":12},{"stage":"154 kV tie-in study & agreement","months":12},{"stage":"Substation & line build","months":18},{"stage":"Construction & energization","months":12}]},"contradictions":[],"supersedes":null,"note":"KEPCO now takes about a year just to confirm Seoul-area supply, then multi-year waits for 154 kV tie-ins.","schema_version":"1.0","methodology_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","content_hash":"sha256:adf3d2651710534f74b1666f474c7b23c794ea6118838902fcc134d7e3bfe801"},{"claim_id":"pgiq:claim:south-korea:scheduled_change:june-2026:1","claim_type":"fact","status":"active","subject":{"market_id":"south-korea","geography_id":"pgiq:geo:south-korea"},"predicate":"scheduled_change","value":{"base":"Phase 1 (about 8.4 GW) of the national 18.4 GW AI data-center plan targeted","effective":"By 2029","year":2029},"unit":null,"definition":"a dated, already-announced event that will affect a large load sited here. A published fact with a source, not our forecast.","project_archetype":null,"as_of":"June 2026","valid_for":{"start":"June 2026","end":null},"method":"reported","method_source_label":null,"confidence":{"source_quality":"cited announcement","coverage":"stated timing By 2029","model_uncertainty":"announced timing can slip","opinion_confidence":"n/a"},"sources":[{"publisher":"Korea 18.4 GW AI data-center plan (Light Reading)","title":"Korea 18.4 GW AI data-center plan (Light Reading)","url":"https://www.lightreading.com/data-centers/south-korea-plans-massive-18-4gw-ai-data-center-buildout-by-2035","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"announcement","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"}],"transform":null,"contradictions":[],"supersedes":null,"note":"The bulk of near-term capacity, deliberately spread to regions to relieve Seoul congestion.","schema_version":"1.0","methodology_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","content_hash":"sha256:b0506b195ee38722bbbbf22d08a8646dee699f4b709c7f7878ab33a2b7316ddf"},{"claim_id":"pgiq:claim:south-korea:forward_adequacy:june-2026","claim_type":"estimate","status":"active","subject":{"market_id":"south-korea","geography_id":"pgiq:geo:south-korea"},"predicate":"forward_adequacy","value":{"base":"watch","label":"Adequacy flagged"},"unit":null,"definition":"forward firm-supply adequacy for a prospective large new load; level vocabulary none|watch|elevated|severe","project_archetype":null,"as_of":"June 2026","valid_for":{"start":"June 2026","end":null},"method":"modelled","method_source_label":null,"confidence":{"source_quality":"modelled read","coverage":"market-level","model_uncertainty":"not site-specific","opinion_confidence":"n/a"},"sources":[{"publisher":"Korea data-center power and the grid (Seoulz)","title":"Korea data-center power and the grid (Seoulz)","url":"https://www.seoulz.com/korea-data-center-power/","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"page","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"}],"transform":null,"contradictions":[],"supersedes":null,"note":"The national grid shows no significant reliability flags overall, but the Seoul metropolitan balance is tight against surging AI data-center demand, and about half of Greater Seoul projects in 2024-2025 were delayed or scrapped on grid and local opposition. Regional build-out is meant to relieve it.","schema_version":"1.0","methodology_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","content_hash":"sha256:7c77db9c030b24ea0422542bb3130f79a32306aeb1f55e4147f5466581ce8a2c"},{"claim_id":"pgiq:claim:south-korea:regulatory_momentum:june-2026","claim_type":"opinion","status":"active","subject":{"market_id":"south-korea","geography_id":"pgiq:geo:south-korea"},"predicate":"regulatory_momentum","value":{"base":"mixed","direction":"improving"},"unit":null,"definition":"direction and steadiness of the rules governing large-load connection (stroke-of-pen risk)","project_archetype":null,"as_of":"June 2026","valid_for":{"start":"June 2026","end":null},"method":"expert_judgment","method_source_label":null,"confidence":{"source_quality":"cited dated developments","coverage":"market-level","model_uncertainty":"n/a","opinion_confidence":"Med-High"},"sources":[{"publisher":"PGIQ methodology","title":"PGIQ methodology","url":"https://powergridiq.com/methodology","published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"June 2026","locator":"regulatory momentum","quote_or_field":null,"license":"public source, cited under fair use","redistribution_rights":"link and quote with attribution; no bulk redistribution"}],"transform":null,"contradictions":[],"supersedes":null,"note":"Greater Seoul faces severe congestion and local opposition, but the national 18.4 GW plan deliberately steers builds to regions like Chungcheong and Ulsan. WHAT WOULD CHANGE IT: The regional build-out and grid upgrades actually clearing Seoul-area siting at scale.","schema_version":"1.0","methodology_version":"pgiq-rating-v2","definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","content_hash":"sha256:ccd76377f117b4a890933313070f0f5f0052f42381d751d6027935bbfd8c2214"}],"gaps":[{"predicate":"delivery_reliability_saidi","requires":"measured regulator outage record","state":"not_assessed","reason":"no regulator outage series compiled for this market yet","blocks_project_case":true},{"predicate":"average_operational_carbon_intensity","requires":"average operational carbon intensity","state":"not_assessed","reason":"no grid snapshot compiled for this market yet","blocks_project_case":false},{"predicate":"local_deliverability","requires":"capacity at the substation you would connect to","state":"not_assessed","reason":"no operator publication of area or substation capacity found for this market","blocks_project_case":true}],"note":"A gap is not evidence that the risk is absent. It means we have not assessed it."}