{"id":"singapore","rid":"SG","name":"Singapore","flag":"🇸🇬","group":"asia","type":"market","parent":null,"regions":null,"tier_range":null,"tier":4,"tier_name":"Constrained","score":35,"pillar_score":38,"pillar_tier":4,"pillar_tier_name":"Constrained","reliability":{"assessed":true,"level":"watch","dock":3,"provisional":false,"confidence":"Low","delivery_transmission":{"level":"none"},"delivery_distribution":{"level":"none"},"forward_capacity":{"level":"watch","measure":"modelled","note":"Modelled read: very reliable delivery, but an import- and gas-constrained island with little domestic resource margin."},"read":"Minor flags found","level_means":"reviewed; flags found"},"reliability_dock":3,"regulatory_momentum":null,"scheduled_changes":null,"queue":null,"friction":null,"connection_pathway":null,"service_evidence":{"contractual_service_held":false,"local_capacity_state":"not_assessed","local_capacity_depth":0,"cost_basis":null,"territory_count":0},"reliability_metrics":{"saidi_min":0.26,"saidi_year":"2024","forward_adequacy":null,"measure":"historical utility-territory delivery performance","standard":null,"standard_note":null,"evidence_role":"single_utility_observation","by_serving_utility":[],"evidence_role_basis":"SP PowerGrid is the sole distribution licensee, so the national figure is the serving utility's own record"},"forward_cost":null,"tariff":null,"realized_cost":null,"cost_availability":{"label":"Standardized cost observable","means":"A comparable recurring-cost band can be built from observable, applicable inputs for the standard archetype, but PowerGridIQ does not publish one for this market yet.","user_action":"There is no band to use here today. The inputs are observable, so this is our work to finish rather than evidence you need to gather -- do not engage the utility on our behalf, and do not treat the absence as a finding about the market. Read cost_evidence_state.remedy for what is outstanding.","class":"standardized_observable","band_published":false},"cost_evidence_state":{"state":"applicable_evidence_incomplete","answerable":"conditionally","label":"Applicable, evidence incomplete","means":"The archetype can buy the service and the band is sound, but some published figures do not yet carry their own source, date, method and confidence.","remedy":"Finish the per-line provenance. No new access or negotiation is required.","also_holds":[],"vocabulary_version":"evidence-state-1.0"},"jurisdiction_evidence":null,"cost_structure":null,"cost_withdrawn":null,"cost_correction":null,"carbon_correction":null,"carbon_official_reference":null,"partial_cost_verified":null,"cost_pillar_calculation":null,"evidence":{"source_reliability":"High","coverage":"Partial","coverage_dimensions":1,"last_reviewed":"June 2026","measured_layers":1,"data_layers":1,"layers":[{"layer":"PGIQ Rating opinion","method":"opinion","vintage":"June 2026","freshness":"Current","source_url":"https://powergridiq.com/methodology"},{"layer":"Reliability","method":"measured","vintage":"2024","freshness":"Fresh","source_url":"https://www.ema.gov.sg"}]},"outlook":"Stable","confidence":"High","under_review":false,"thesis":"A major hub, but near-closed: a data-center growth cap, no land and no spare power make new large load very hard.","pillars":{"access":35,"availability":40,"cost":25,"momentum":60,"carbon":42},"pillar_rationale":{"access":"Near-closed access: a data-center growth cap and no spare land/power.","availability":"Very tight availability.","cost":"Very high cost.","momentum":"High historical momentum, now capped.","carbon":"Carbon moderate (~390 g), gas."},"offtake_opportunity_index":64,"demand_hunger":60,"build_feasibility":35,"supplier_signals":{"bess_arbitrage_usd_mwh":68,"bess_arbitrage_pct":62,"solar_capture_pct":110,"wind_capture_pct":98},"outlook_drivers":{"upgrade":["Green data-center criteria unlock limited new capacity.","Regional (Johor/Batam) overflow.","Imported low-carbon power."],"downgrade":["The cap tightens.","No land or spare power."]},"risks":["Growth cap and land/power scarcity.","Cost."],"peers":{"like":"Dublin (major hub, near-closed)","ahead":"on ecosystem","behind":"on access and land"},"sources":[{"label":"Singapore data-center market","url":"https://www.cushmanwakefield.com/"}],"latest_action":{"date":"June 2026","type":"New rating","note":"New rating: Tier 4 Constrained assigned.","trigger":null},"grid":{"price_usd_mwh":110,"carbon_intensity_g":410,"renewable_pct":6,"renewable_generation_share_pct":6,"low_carbon_generation_share_pct":6,"fuel_mix":{"gas":92,"solar":4,"biofuel":2,"oil":1,"coal":1},"demand_mw":7500,"capacity_mw":13000,"imports_mw":0,"exports_mw":0,"firm_capacity_mw":null,"firm_capacity_availability":"insufficient_evidence","firm_capacity_basis":null,"est_peak_mw":10650,"firm_headroom_mw":null,"firm_headroom_availability":"dependency_unavailable","peak_stress_pct":null,"peak_stress_availability":"dependency_unavailable","adequacy_required_input":"capacity_mix_mw with a declared basis, or an official dependable or accredited capacity from the operator","price_cycle":"other","price_basis":"not_reviewed","price_absent_reason":null,"price_source":"modelled-baseline","price_as_of":null,"price_vintage":"undated_modelled_baseline","price_is_live":false,"carbon_intensity_unit":"gCO2eq/kWh","carbon_measurement_boundary":"operational_combustion","carbon_calculation_method":"structural_estimate","carbon_emission_factor_source":null,"carbon_basis_withdrawn":true,"carbon_imports_treatment":"not_accounted","carbon_provenance_state":"structural","carbon_decision_eligibility":"insufficient_evidence","carbon_confidence":"low","source":"modelled-baseline"},"evidence_depth":{"use_case":"project_case","use_case_label":"Standardized Project Case","overall":"not_assessed","overall_permits":"Not assessed. Treat as an open diligence item; absence of a finding is not evidence of low risk.","insufficient_evidence":true,"unassessed_required_fields":["cost","connection"],"project_ready":false,"blocking_fields":["cost","connection","reliability"],"fields":{"cost":"not_assessed","connection":"not_assessed","reliability":"M2 Compiled","carbon":"M2 Compiled","regulatory":"not_assessed","local_capacity":"not_assessed"},"by_use_case":{"discovery":{"label":"Discovery and monitoring","matrix_version":"1.0","tier":"not_assessed","ready":false,"blocking_fields":["cost","connection"],"insufficient_evidence":true,"why":"not assessed here: cost, connection"},"market_comparison":{"label":"Market comparison","matrix_version":"1.0","tier":"not_assessed","ready":false,"blocking_fields":["cost","connection","reliability"],"insufficient_evidence":true,"why":"not assessed here: cost, connection"},"project_case":{"label":"Standardized Project Case","matrix_version":"1.0","tier":"not_assessed","ready":false,"blocking_fields":["cost","connection","reliability"],"insufficient_evidence":true,"why":"not assessed here: cost, connection"},"project_case_carbon":{"label":"Project Case with a carbon requirement","matrix_version":"1.0","tier":"not_assessed","ready":false,"blocking_fields":["cost","connection","reliability","carbon"],"insufficient_evidence":true,"why":"not assessed here: cost, connection"},"site_diligence":{"label":"Conditional site diligence","matrix_version":"1.0","tier":"not_assessed","ready":false,"blocking_fields":["cost","connection","reliability","local_capacity"],"insufficient_evidence":true,"why":"not assessed here: cost, connection, local capacity"}},"reliability_layers":{"bulk_historical":{"state":"unknown","method":null},"forward_adequacy":{"state":"held","method":"modelled"},"local_delivery":{"state":"held","method":"measured"},"contractual_service":{"state":"unknown","method":null},"designed_site_resilience":{"state":"unknown","method":null}},"definition_version":"carbon_scope@1.0;connection_process@1.0;cost_archetype@1.0;evidence_tiers@1.0;reliability_layers@1.0","scale":"M1 broad / M2 compiled / M3 project-ready / M4 local; cumulative, so each tier includes the ones below it. Assigned per field from held evidence with provenance. Not a rating strength, confidence score or feasibility conclusion."},"next_review":"2026-11-15","report_url":"https://powergridiq.com/rating/singapore","as_of":"June 2026","evidence_layers":{"version":"evidence-layers-1.0","band":{"state":"insufficient_evidence","label":"Insufficient evidence","means":"No band is published because the available evidence does not support one.","reproducible":false},"component":null,"cost_pillar":{"state":"analyst_assessment","label":"Analyst assessment","means":"The score is a judgement recorded with a written cost-specific rationale. It is not calculated from a formula and does not claim to be.","reproducible":false},"layers_are_independent":"Band, component and cost-pillar evidence are separate judgments. A market may have a sound, applicable band and an illustrative component breakdown at the same time. Do not read a component-evidence limitation as a statement about the band."}}